Citizen Participation in Environmental Impact Assessments
Citizen Participation in Environmental Impact Assessments is an environmental management tool in Panama. It is mandatory that those responsible for carrying out activities, works or projects that may generate environmental impacts and risks, carry out an Environmental Impact Assessment (Span. ESIA) before implementing them. Citizen participation occurs via the inclusion of stakeholders and institutions in the various stages of the projects, from planning to completion.
Institutional design
Formalization: is the innovation embedded in the constitution or legislation, in an administrative act, or not formalized at all?
Frequency: how often does the innovation take place: only once, sporadically, or is it permanent or regular?
Mode of Selection of Participants: is the innovation open to all participants, access is restricted to some kind of condition, or both methods apply?
Type of participants: those who participate are individual citizens, civil society organizations, private stakeholders or a combination of those?
Decisiveness: does the innovation takes binding, non-binding or no decision at all?
Co-governance: is there involvement of the government in the process or not?
- Formalization
- embedded in the constitution/legislation
- Frequency
- sporadic
- Mode of selection of participants
- both
- Type of participants
- citizens civil society
- Decisiveness
- democratic innovation yields no decision
- Co-Governance
- yes
Means
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Ends
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